Thursday, November 28, 2019

Homelessness in Canadian Society

Canada is a developed country with a prosperous economy. Out of the 30 million people living in Canada, a massive 80% live in the urban areas.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Homelessness in Canadian Society specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the last 11 years, Canada has realized national budget surpluses as noted by the Organization for Economic Development and Co-Operation (Gaetz 21). Canada also has a strong and well placed social programs and healthcare systems. However, the country is among the developed nations that are currently experiencing a chronic homelessness crisis. This crisis has become relevant in the recent past as the gap between the rich and poor among people in urban and rural areas continue to increase. People living in extreme poverty are more likely to lose their homes, and this is a prerequisite for homelessness. Homelessness in Canada is a current phenomenon which according to Gaetz (21 ) emerged in the 1980s but accelerated in the 1990s because of many social and economic factors. Homeless individuals living on parks and streets across Canada have not gone unnoticed. Consequently, they have caught the eyes of the media, politicians, as well as the international community. Therefore, homelessness in Canada has become a social problem and its major causes include among others, rapid changes in the social system, economic system and political system which are beyond the control of persons regarded as homeless. In this paper, the author reviews the literature to explore the level of homelessness in the Canadian society with much emphasis on how it was created.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the past decade, there has been a significant increase in the number of homeless individuals globally. Besides being a social issue, homelessness also happens to be a perso nal problem. For example, when a single person is unemployed or cannot have access to affordable housing, the problem becomes individualized. On the other hand, when thousands of these people are unemployed or cannot have access to affordable and decent housing, the problem becomes societal. However, homelessness is more of a social problem rather than an individual problem. Various societal factors are thought to have contributed to homelessness and as Mao, Richter, Burns, and Chaw-Kant (2) have noted, they include among others, â€Å"lack of affordable housing, decreases in availability of rent subsidies, unemployment, cutbacks in public welfare programs, substance abuse, deinstitutionalization of the mentally ill, and increasing rates of poverty†. These factors are not exceptional in the case of homelessness in Canada. Similar sentiments have also been echoed by Mao et al. (21) who note that homelessness is a social problem that is mainly influenced by changes in values, s ocial and political factors or systems. In the late 20th century, the Canadian government was actively involved in the provision of adequate housing, in addition to supporting low income earning individuals (Gaetz 22). This was realized through the enactment of the relevant government policies and practices. Other than these policies and practices, the Canadian government enhanced increased house supply through measures such as social housing investment, government insured mortgages, and provision for subsidies to enhance rental housing development (Melaine 2008).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Homelessness in Canadian Society specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Through these changes and programs, all Canadians were now in a position to access sufficient and affordable supply of housing. What this means is that the Canadian government took upon itself to ensure that all its citizens were in a position to access cl ean, safe, and affordable shelter. However, during the onset of the 1980s and throughout the 1990s, there were changes in social and economic systems in Canada. One of the key causes of poverty among the population was the intense global as well as domestic changes in both government and housing social policies (Melanie 2008). Consequently, poverty created room for homelessness. This is because an increase in standard of living and changes in housing and government policies led to growth in the number of people going to the streets and shanty shelters. This was as a result of the individuals’ lack of access to decent, safe, and affordable housing. In his book Finding Home 2009, David Hulchanski, has portrayed the paradigm shift as being from â€Å"rehousing† policy to â€Å"dehousing† policy. This could be reflected in the case where the Alberta government rejected a 2 million dollar appeal requested by the Calgary Homeless Group to develop homes for the homeles s (CBC NEWS 2008). Although the government stated that the location of the new housing for the homeless was not secure, it should have provided an alternative way of curbing the social problem.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In a conference held in 2009 in Canada, Hulchanski (2) observed that the government has no priorities on addressing the problem of homelessness. This is because only a small portion of governmental resources have been directed towards the improvement of housing conditions. As a result, the demand for housing has surpassed the supply because of changes in government policies and efforts to address the issue of homelessness. It also means that there is no adequate and affordable housing for low-income persons and the demand is way above the available government funds to undertake effective social housing programs. Therefore, cutbacks in social housing and other initiatives could be blamed for the housing crisis being experienced in Canada. Economic and social policy failures are the major prerequisites for homelessness in the Canadian society because it has been hard to meet the housing demands for most people. Hulchanski (11) concluded that homelessness has been persistent because th e society we live in allows other people to control the events which lead to the classification of people being as homeless. In other words, homelessness is as a result of how housing systems have been organized, and how support services and income are allocated or fail to be allocated (Hulchanski 12). In Canada, homelessness is believed to be increasing at a very alarming rate, especially in the last decades thus resulting in increased visibility of homeless people (Melaine 1). In addition, this form of visibility has resulted in an increase in attention by the society. The number of homeless youths in Canada, their entire families, and adults are also increasing. For example, a report released in 2007 by CBC News showed that â€Å"Canada’s homeless population is somewhere between 200,000 and 300,000 people, while another 1.7 million residents struggle with â€Å"housing affordability issues† (CBC News 1). This means that more than 2 million people in Canada are face d with the problem of homelessness. The report adds that homelessness in Canada has now become chronic and a major defining social issue. As a result, there is need to address this social problem as quickly as possible. In Calgary over 4,000 people and 200 families do not have a shelter or a place to call home. According to CBC News (2008), since 2006, there has been 18 percent increase in the number of homeless people in Canada. Among these homeless, 78% are male, 72% reside in transitional housing or emergency shelters, and about 72% of them are of the age between 25 and 64 years (CBC News 2008). Although Canada is a developed nation and a country which uses the largest portion of its GDP for humanitarian support, its people are faced with problem of being homeless. According to CBC News (2007) the major cause of homelessness in Canada is not mental illness or substance abuse but instead, it is poverty. The statistics indicate that at least half of the population lives in the fear of being affected by poverty, while 49% believe that they could be poor if they missed one month or two months salaries. Therefore, poverty which is as social problem compared to other social factors is the main contributor of homelessness in Canada. Rather than addressing the issue permanently through the provision of affordable housing for low income earners, the government has been busy containing the rate of homelessness growth through the use of temporary measures (CBC News 2007). Based on the report by Calgary-based Sheldon Chumir Foundation for Ethics in Leadership, the cost incurred while building temporary shelters is much higher compared to implementation of rent supplements and developing of affordable housing to the affected persons. In Canada, homelessness is a major cause of social problems such as insufficient income, family conflict, mental illness, unemployment, and underemployment, and malnutrition. All these societal ills according to Gaetz (22) are the reasons w hy Canada still continues to face the problem of homelessness despite its economic and social prosperity. A report released by CBC News (2010) indicated that since 2008, there has been an insignificant change in the number of persons eking on low incomes. Moreover, 3 million Canadians are believed to spend sixty three percent of their income on basic needs. The implication made is that most of the homeless people live in abject poverty. As the level of low income earners remains static, the standards of livings and prices of food commodities and fuel continue to increase. As such, most of these people are forced to wind to the streets and makeshifts because they can hardly afford to pay rent. As a result, homelessness has become a major crisis in Canada especially in urban areas (Mao, Calder, Solina and Kovacs 2) which is driven by poverty increase among the masses. The federal government of Canada has been blamed for the increased levels of homelessness. This is because it has enga ged in activities such as withdrawal of social housing, budget cuts, and tightened eligibility requirements for housing programs, inability to provide stable employment for the people (Melanie 2008). The later has resulted in underemployment and unemployment which consequently encourage poverty and the inability to afford decent house. Moreover, poverty has been attributed to other social and economic factors such as low minimum wages and lack of state income-assistance rates (Melanie 2008). Hulchanski (3) argues that we have found ourselves in homelessness problem because of increasing poverty levels in Canada and the portrayal of the homeless by the media as poor, pathetic, dangerous, spoiled, and criminals rather than describing them as people in need, and hence the neglect. The negative perception of the homeless resulted in ignorance by the concerned parties. According to the Homeless Hub (2009), the society has failed in keep poor families and their children from the street, h ence the increasing level of homeless youth and young people. One of the profound causes of homelessness in Canada was the disengagement of Canada’s national housing strategy (Gaetz 22). The Canadian government started to cut down its budget as a way of reducing its debt which affected its social spending. Gaetz (22) adds that although budget cuts have resulted to surpluses, it has led to infrastructure deficit, especially n the housing sector. Gaetz (23) adds that the elimination of Canadian National Housing Program by the Federal government started with reduction in government spending on social and affordable housing in 1980s which culminated into annihilation of spending allocated on new affordable housing stock. In 1996, the Canadian Federal government relocated social housing responsibility to provincial governments. Consequently, Canada was virtually left as the only developed nations in the world with no fully funded national policy on housing. This created room for h omelessness, as majority of the people could not afford housing in the private sector. It should be noted that the actions of the Canadian federal government ensured the erosion of social housing stock and affordable housing, which later propelled homelessness. Moreover, the private sector on the other hand has largely focused on the construction of housing without considering low income earners. Decline in affordable housing stock was followed by rapid changes in income patterns. This has been supported by Homeless Hub (2009) and Melaine (2008) who observes that there has been an income discrepancy between the upper and lower class. Subsequently, there is a large portion of the Canadian population which falls below the state poverty line. Accompanying low changes in income pattern fall is rental vacancy rate which according to Melaine (2008) declined from 4.5 percent in 1995 to 2.9 percent in 2004. As a result, most of the residents have been spending more than 63% of their income in housing (CBC News 2010). This phenomenon has resulted in chronic homelessness in Canada which is expensive for the government to control. This has been reflected in the work of Stephen Gaetz on â€Å"The Real Cost of Homelessness: Can We Save Money by Doing the Right Thing?†. In this study, Gaetz (3) observed that it was more cost effective to tackle major causes of homelessness and prevent the issue of homelessness rather than providing day programs and emergency shelters. Racial discrimination in Canada could have been contributed by chronic homelessness in Canada (Homeless Hub 2009). This has been supported by a report by the Toronto Star which states that because of discrimination, immigrants are less likely to afford decent housing (Keung 2012). Because of poor pay, immigrants share houses and, spend more that 50 percent of their income on housing. The report adds that other than the documented visible homelessness, hidden homelessness is rampant because of increased unregistered migrants. Other social factors which have enhanced homelessness people are such as homophobia. For example, according to Homeless Hub (2009), most of the homeless youth are transgendered, bisexual, gay, or lesbian who have been discriminated against by family members in their communities, schools and neighborhoods. This, coupled with violence has made living in home more intolerable hence hitting to the streets for survival. Homeless youths are likely to abuse drugs as well. In summary, homelessness in Canada is a social problem that has been enhanced by rapid changes in social, political, and economic systems which could not be controlled by people facing homelessness. As a result, more than 2 million people in Canada are faced with the problem of homelessness. Homelessness in Canada emerged in the 1980s and increased in the 1990s as a result of the federal government’s decision to overhaul housing policies and programs. It can also be concluded that other than being a social problem, homelessness has become chronic in Canada. From a social perspective, homelessness is a social problem which was attributed to a multiple of societal factors. Some of these factors as indicated in the essay include increasing poverty levels, substance abuse, unemployment, homophobia, discrimination. Poverty remains the leading cause of homelessness in Canada. Although the private sector has invested highly in the housing sector, Canada lacks decent and affordable housing for its low income earners. In as far as the economic and political perspectives are concerned, it is important to note that when the federal government changes its policies, this led to a paradigm shift from â€Å"rehousing† policy to â€Å"dehousing† policy. For instance the federal government had to do away with the Canadian National Housing Program, after which it reduced its spending of affordable social housing schemes during the 1980s. Moreover, the Canadian federal gover nment eroded social housing stock and affordable housing which resulted in homelessness. Works Cited CBC News. â€Å"Poverty rate unchanged in 2008.† Homeless Hub, 17 Jun. 2010: 1. Print. CBC News. â€Å"Homeless families on rise in Calgary.† Homeless Hub, 17 Jul. 2008: 1. Print. CBC News.â€Å"Homelessness ‘chronic’ in Canada: study.† CBC News, 26 Jun. 2007: 1. Print. CBC News. â€Å"Province rejects funding for homeless family shelter.† Homeless Hub, 14 Jul. 2008a: 1. Print. Gaetz, Stephen. â€Å"The Real Cost of Homelessness: Can We Save Money by Doing the Right Thing?† Toronto: Canadian Homelessness Research Network Press, 2012. Print. Gaetz, Stephen. â€Å"The Struggle to End Homelessness in Canada: How we Created the Crisis, and How We Can End it.† The Open Health Services and Policy Journal, 3 (2010): 21-26. Print. Homeless Hub. Why do Young People Become Homeless?. The Homeless Hub. 2009. Web. Hulchanski, David. Homeless ness in Canada: Past, Present, Future, Alberta, Canada: New University of Calgary, 2009. Print. Keung, Nicholas. â€Å"New immigrants are the hidden homeless.† Toronto Star. 02 Apr. 2012: 1. Print. Mao, Yuping, Solina, Richter, Kovacs, Burns and Jean, Chaw-Kant J. â€Å"Homelessness Coverage, Social Reality, and Media Ownership: Comparing a National Newspaper with Two Regional Newspapers in Canada†. Journal of Mass Communication Journalism 2.7 (2012): 2-7. Print. Melaine, Par. 2 Views of Homelessness. 21. Jun. 2008. Web. Mao, Yuping, Moire, Calder, Solina, Richter, and Katharine, Burns. â€Å"Framing Homelessness for the Canadian Public: The News Media and Homelessness.† Canadian Journal of Urban Research (2011): 1-10. Print. This essay on Homelessness in Canadian Society was written and submitted by user Nelson Mclean to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Monday, November 25, 2019

Age No Bar For An Adventure Tourism Essay Essays

Age No Bar For An Adventure Tourism Essay Essays Age No Bar For An Adventure Tourism Essay Essay Age No Bar For An Adventure Tourism Essay Essay Each one of us has a desire to make something extreme in our life. When we dream we do non believe of what could be the possible barriers. The world to a great extend does non ever fit with dreams. But there is one topographic point where age is no standard. Where you can simple pin indicate your pick and travel for it. It is adventure athleticss. Although the myth related with escapade athletics make people think otherwise but the world is that Adventure athleticss is a merriment activity. It is risk free and can be done by anyone. If you are 50 old ages old and wish to make a mountain expedition so travel for it. Tough or easy is in the head. If you have the will and excitement half the conflict is won. Adventures can be classified in two parts. One sort is known as Soft escapades and other type is hardcore. Soft escapades are the 1s which do non necessitate any sort of accomplishments. They are more a leisure activity but they besides provide certain degree of challenge that is needed for any escapade to be escapade. Hard nucleus escapade is anything that requires you to contend the nature like trekking, mountain climbing, skiing and H2O rafting. Soft escapades are really popular amongst households. The thought of scuba diving in the bluish Waterss of Andman or Lakshwadeep or hot air ballooning above the desert of Thar is a really appealing thought among all age groups. And the utmost athleticss like bungee jumping or skiing the highest inclines or even trekking the highest mountain base on ballss by and large chosen by experts or risked by childs. The ground why most of the adult ups prefer the safe options of luxury vacations or soft escapades is because the idea forms formed from their immature age is that this is the clip to play and hold merriment because when you have more duties all this wont suit you. Other ground is that people do non take attention of their wellness from start and so do old age an alibi for non being adventuresome. The grounds can be any but the fact remains that if a individual has the will so he can decidedly seek any adventure athleticss and win. A few facts that will do this fact more credible are that most of the trekkers in America are in-between aged work forces. There are even some older than that. They have climbed some of the most feared mountains and performed some of the most electrifying stunts. Most of the individual travellers from abroad are females aged 40 or more. The popularity of escapade athleticss and the safety attached to it has grown so much that even oldies do non mind giving it a shooting. The popularity of escapade athleticss has caught up with everyone. When the media is traveling out of the manner to advance people from all age group are lured by it.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Miranda Rights & the U.S. Terrorism Policy Research Paper

Miranda Rights & the U.S. Terrorism Policy - Research Paper Example If you cannot afford a lawyer, one will be provided for you at government expense†1. While the above statements are primarily read out to American criminal suspects before their arrest in order to preserve the quality of their statements, the government has radicalized the use of the statement in order to expedite terrorist investigations and trials of both American and non-American suspects. After the events of September 11th 2001, the American government heightened its security and investigative tactics with the CIA and FBI enjoying more powers in tracking and apprehending suspects. Among the successful terrorist cases against American property, include the Benghazi attack of the US embassy. Additionally, the law enforcers have successfully intercepted a number of planed attacks owing to the increased powers and equipment such law enforcers as the FBI and the CIA enjoy2. The creation of new legislations including the USA PATRIOT Act resulted in the development of effective and efficient tools that would unite and strength America by giving the law enforcers more authority over terrorists3. Coupled with the creation of the department of Homeland security, a unit dedicated to the surveillance and interception of suspected terrorists, the government has successfully improved the security of the country ensuring that every American is currently safer they than they were before the 9/11. However, the increased power the law enforcers enjoy in the line of their duty of monitoring and interjecting possible threats have resulted in possible abuse of human rights. The fact that the law enforcers can follow an individual and carry out investigation without alerting them results in suspects incriminating themselves, a primary abuse of legal rights a feature that requires the review of the use of the Miranda laws on the fight against terrorism. When the law enforcers arrested the Boston marathon bomber, the government issued a notice informing the

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Queen Victoria Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Queen Victoria - Essay Example Queen Victoria has passed away a little more than hundred years and already she has become the subject of biography more than any other women born since 1800. Walter. L. Arnstein, the famous historian and writer also could not escape the charm, and enigma of the life of this great lady possessed and he also selected Queen Victoria as the subject of his biography. Arnstein tried his best indeed to captivate the political, social, religious and personal life of the Queen Victoria as much as possible. This biography is remarkably different from other works falling into the same canon in many ways. The work is commendable and it is justified too as the biography has been written by a renowned historian and so it is quite expected that the book contains many perspective of her life from the point of a historian. And in craving out the historical aspects and details of her life, Arnstein uses many research materials which focuses on the widely neglected aspects of the Queen’s life a nd reign which most importantly is presented in details maintained by relative brevity of an expert writer (Arnstein, â€Å"Queen Victoria†). ... This fact can be well perceived if one gives a close introspection into the anatomy of the book. The book, â€Å"Queen Victoria† is divided into nine chapters and an introduction. The chapters are culminated according to the events which took place chronologically into the Queen’s life or in other ways are neatly divided into different phases of Queen’s life. The chapters bear the following names which are very much relative to the events and phases of Queen’s life chronologically, ‘The Cloistered Princess’, ‘The Royal Teenager’, ‘The Model of Domesticity’, ‘The Reigning Partner’, ‘Britain’s Champion’, ‘The Reclusive Widow’, ‘The Guardian of the Constitution’, ‘The Imperial Matriarch’ and ‘The Paradoxical Monarch’ (Arnstein, â€Å"Queen Victoria†). The contents in these chapters are evolved from myriad sources that are centerin g round the political and personal life of the Queen as well. The sources include Victoria’s own writings published in many journals and unpublished letters (Christopher, â€Å"Aristocratic Whig Politics in Early-Victorian Yorkshire: Lord Morpeth and His World†). Here, the author provides the Queen with a wide scope to say her story in her own words. Arnstein does so by quoting Victoria at many places which finally clears her stand-point, contention and perspective on different issues. From these personal accounts, the readers are enabled to learn the perspective, thought and vision of the Queen regarding religion, gender, politics and connection with Ireland. The solidarity and preciseness with which the Queen is given the opportunity to unfold her life through her version differentiates this book from the other biographies (Lynn,

Monday, November 18, 2019

Financial Motivation in University Students Research Proposal

Financial Motivation in University Students - Research Proposal Example One major factor that can be considered as the potential main motivation behind a student’s work rate is the goals that they wish to achieve in the future. For many youths, the concept of education making an individual a better and well-rounded person is not enough to keep their noses in the books when they have the chance to go out and do something that they find more entertaining and no-one to stop them. Therefore, when talking with regard to the future, material possessions and status can be considered more effective drives to make an individual study harder. However, other sources of motivation that do not relate to financial success should also be taken into consideration as the wealth is not the only factor to motivate individuals. For example, an individual who has been raised in a wealthy family with the assurance of financial security whether he succeeds in his quest for higher learning or not will be motivated by the thought of financial success as this is already av ailable to them. Other sources of motivation will be studied in such cases such as respect from their peers as well as pride; one may be motivated to excel in their education to prove that they are not dependent upon their family’s financial cushion and are able to make it in life without such assistance (Lara & Norton, 2009).The temptations that are present in the life of a university are many and the need for a strong motivation is a necessity should one want to succeed in overcoming them and going on to excel.

Friday, November 15, 2019

Teenage Violent Crime Rates in the US

Teenage Violent Crime Rates in the US Erica Goncalves What do teenagers do after school? Research states that 1 in 5 children in the United States are unsupervised after school. This leads to teen violence. Teen violence are when children get out of school and join a group of gang and start committing crimes, go in the internet and bully other students. Lastly, teen violence are still going on because of the ways teens are acting, the way they are because of the videogames and the kinds of music teens are listening to. Teen violence are in every school and place that contains teen in it. Those teens that are doing the violence has been abused or bullied before. Teen violence has been passed through generations it gets pass on each year to young adult, the causes of teen violence in the city of Boston is that teen violence is caused because of the ways the parents treat them violence teens. This shows that we need more afterschool program in the United States to keep children engaged and productive. Children in quality afterschool progra ms are more likely to come to school, stay in school, hand in their work, and get better grades. After school programs are particularly well positioned to make a difference in a students life to help them be successful. Students who attends an after school program have a higher chance of going the college and have a career than students who does not attend an afterschool program. The problem is that there is a lot of teen violence happening lately. Over the last couple [1]years teen violence has been a problem that is affecting everyone in the city of Boston[2]. Teen [3]violence also affect a lot of things like lowering the budget of the city, making streets unsafe, harassing and bullying other citizen, and sadly the increase in the number of teen who lose their life. According to recent studies about teen violence, 12% of students who attended high school reported having a weapon, and about 3% were carrying a gun. Also 20% of students reported participating in a physical fight, 7% of teens were reported to participate in gang activities. When it comes to bullying, 17% of students said that they had been a victim of bullying and 14% said that they been a victim of cyberbullying [1]. The city of Boston contains 25% of the violence in all of Massachusetts [2]. It is not easy for a teen to focus and be positive know that 64% of recovered guns are seized from peo ple who own them illegally[3]. Teen Violence has a pervasive effect on all members of the society, from the teens themselves to adults that pay higher taxes to address the issue. Students that do not go to an after school program are most likely to become involved in teen crime. These students that are unsupervised after school are 49% more likely to use drugs and 37% more likely to become a teen parent than kids that attend some after school programs for 1-4 hours each week. (add footnote) Another example of the impact of after school programs is that students that attend an after school program are less likely to be suspended from school for violence, and students already in the juvenile court system that attended after school programs were less likely to go back to court for any reason, especially for violence. Lastly, students in afterschool programs were less likely to become a first time offender of violence in the community than other students not in an afterschool program that had not already committed any crime.(Add Footnote) Twoafter school programs have had large success in preventing crime. When an after school program was created in 12 California neighborhoods, teen crime decreased significantly. Vandalism decreased by two-thirds, violent acts and carrying a concealed gun decreased by more than half, and the number of arrests made by the police decreased by half (add footnote #1). Baltimore also made an after school program through the police department. Once it was created, juvenile crime dropped by 10% and the risk of children and teens as victi,s of crime was cut in half (add footnote #1). Lastly, the crime rate decreased by 75% in a housing project when an after school program was created, but crime increased in a similar housing project when there was no after school program (add footnote #2). After school program have existed for many years. After- school programs first [4]emerged in the last quarter of the nineteenth century, in the form of small, idiosyncratic boys clubs, often no more than a storefront or room in a church or other local building(The context for the emergence of the after school program by Robert Halpern).The clubs evolved to provide recreation and learning activities to children. In addition the supply of after school programs is not as high as the demand for them.Twice as many elementary and middle school parents want afterschool programs as are currently available(National Opinion Research Center). What makes this problem severe is that the lack of afterschool programs allows students to drop out, commit crimes and become teen parents. The hours between 3 and 6 p.m. are the peak hours for juvenile crime and experimentation with drugs, alcohol, cigarettes and sex(Fight Crime: Invest in Kids, 2003). This is the time when students are leaving school and feel like they are on their own. In recent years, more children have been attending after school programs. Their families are in favor of their positive benefits. In 2004, 6.5 million children participated in after school programs, and this value increased to 8.4 million in 2009 and 10.2 million today (add footnote #3). Parents who have kids who attend an after school program have been increasingly satisfied with the programs. Over time they have increased their satisfaction in quality of care, homework assistance, workforce skills development, variety of activities, and the knowledged staff (footnote #3). Juvenile crime rates have decreased since the 1980s, so the effectiveness of afterschool programs is seen in many ways. In recent years (2008-2012), the teen crime rate has decreased. Murder decreased by 42%, rape decreased 24%, robbery decreased by 39%, and aggravated assault decreased by 35% as well in the 4 year period (add footnote #4). For the 6th consecutive year after 2006, the youth violent crime rate has decreased dramatically in the US (footnote #4). The prevalence of crime in males and females ages 10-17 has decreased in the last 4 years. It has also decreased for all races- whites, blacks, Hispanics, Asians, and American Indians. Between 2003-2012, violent crime for Asian youth has decreased by 44%, 41% for American Indians, 39% for whites, and 23% for blacks (add footnote #4).The components of violent crime- murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault- have fallen to record lows over the period of 2008-2012.(add footnote #4) Youth property crime has decreased significantly coming up to 2012. In 2012, the property crime rates were at its lowest levels since 1980. In the same 4 year period described earlier, youth were arrested 36% less for burglary, 30% less for larceny-theft, 47% for motor vehicle theft, and 33% less for arson (footnote).The prevalence of property crime has decreased for both genders over the period of 2008-2012. The prevalence has also decreased for all races, [5]too- whites, blacks, Hispanics, Asians, and American Indians. Students who spend no time in extracurricular activities, such as those offered in after-school programs, are 49 percent more likely to have used drugs and 37 percent more likely to become teen parents than are those students who spend one to four hours per week in extracurricular activities(National Youth Violence Prevention Resource Center). Youths who went to a juvenile detention facility were significantly less likely to be suspended from school compared to kids who did not participate in the program. Teens who were a part of the juvenile justice system were significantly less likely to fall back into committing crimes. Teens that had no experience were less likely to commit a first offense. A study of afterschool programs conducted by the California Juvenile Crime Prevention Demonstration Project in 12 high-risk California communities found that, the rate of crime and delinquency went down after they started the program. Vandalism and stealing dropped by two-thirds, violent acts and carrying a concealed weapon fell by more than half, and arrests and being picked up by the police were cut in half. In the three years after Baltimores Police Department opened a Police Activities League (PAL) afterschool program in one high-crime neighborhood, juvenile crime in the neighborhood dropped nearly 10 percent, and the risk of c hildren and teens becoming crime victims was cut nearly in half. While juvenile victimization rates were coming down for all Baltimore juveniles, the rate in the area served by the PAL program came down nearly three times as fast as it did for the city as a whole.x Paulo Barros is the person who run the program. All the decisions in implementing the proposed program is made by the director Paulo Barros, catholic charities board, the president of the CEO and vice president of the CEO. It costs the company 1.3 millions of dollars to run yearly. Success are measured based on how many students go the college. It is also measured by the amount of gang involved in the environment and arrests, and how many students gets a job. Also that is where many of Cape Verdean students learn English. This program has been run since 2001. It use to be a middle school K1-8. The program use to run cafeteria in the basement that had nothing to do with school. Throughout the year the program became bigger and bigger and once the school shut down because of the archdiocese sex scandal. Then the teen center took over the building. Saint Peter encourage students to stay in school. Students who attends to Saint Peter are more likely to get good grades and perfect attenda nce. Saint Peter prevent teens from doing drugs or commit crimes. They dont serve elementary students due to the lack of funding. Not only that but Saint Peter is not very diverse majority of Cape Verdeans that goes there. The key groups who support this program are the mayor menino and his family. He backed up our mission statements and wanted a safe community for Bowdoin and Geneva area. The mission that he supported was to provide education, enrichment, leadership development and recreational activities to the adolescents of the Mid- Dorchester corridor. Second Alternative: Mattapan Teen Center The program is run by the director Ronald Carroll. In 2008 Bain Company donated to complete a 100 million dollars comprehensive campaign, which calls for investment in innovation and impact to double the number of youth served at the point. It costs 20,686,041 for all operating expensive. Boys and Girls club is successful by teaching young people the skills they need to succeed in life. This can be measured easily by comparing the ratio of students who attends to an after school program to who doesnt and see whos more likely to be successful in life. 97% are expected to graduate high school. It has been run since 1893. First club was found in Charlestown in 1893. The Boston foundation helped put the girls in the Boys and Girls clubs by providing a $300,000, for three years grant to reach out to special categories of youth who lack opportunities for appealing programs. In 1981, the club formally changed its name to Boy and Girls clubs of Boston and national organization followed in 1 990. Boys and Girls Club help kids stay in school and improve their academic success. It is open daily, after school and on weekends when kids have time and wants to be productive. It helps kids graduate from high school not only that but it also save lives. Boys and Girls club are located in disadvantaged community areas. Macs- generous support for BGCAs mission and our local Clubs through funds raised during the annual Thanks for Sharing campaign helped to create great futures for Americas young people. Ross Stores- helped Clubs provide homework assistance to more than 12,000 youth at 90 Clubs through its support of Power Hour. ConocoPhillips- supported BGCAs dropout prevention program,Best Buy Childrens Foundation. The mission statement is to help young people, specially those who need us most, build strong character and realize their full potential as responsible citizens and leaders. The organization does this by providing a safe haven filled with hope and opportunity, ongoing relationship with caring adults and life-enhancing programs. Alternative 3: Holland School The program is run by Hillary casson. That legislation that this program supports is the Massachusetts Department of Early Education and Care because the Programs are licensed by the Massachusetts Department of Early Education and Care and Turnaround plan. The Chester commissioners team and Scoot given, the chief executive officer are in charge of the day to day management of the school. And will work directly to implement the holland plan. The Mission of this program is that all students acquire the knowledge, skills, and strength of character necessary to succeed on the path to college and to achieve their full potential. Therefore it is measure of how many students are moving on to the next grade and their growth from the time they start and end. 2013, Up receives a new schools venture fund U.S education reform organization of the year award. UpHolland is a elementary school and there is an after school programs that include homework support and tutoring. Upholland after school su pports all students with extra help including students with disabilities and English language learners. They only serve K1- 5th grader. The key groups who support this after school program is the College Bound Dorchester. The college Bound Dorchester provides students with a range of activities including homework assistance, writing, visual and performing arts, science exploration, physical education and field trips. During the last year, 98% of Out of School Time students were promoted to the next grade level on time. Out of School Time programs serve children ages 6 to 12 years between the hours of 1:00 pm to 6:00 pm during the academic year. [1] Youth Violence Prevention Through Positives Youth Development Mass. gov ,2013. Accessed January 30,2017 http://www.mass.gov/eohhs/gov/departments/dph/programs/community-health/dvip/violence/youth-violence-prevention-program.html [2] Crime Rates for Boston, MA Neighborhoodscout.com . Accessed February 6,2017 https://www.neighborhoodscout.com/ma/boston/crime/ [3] Mayor Walsh and Police Commissioner Evans Announce Additional Steps to Curb Gun Violence Cityofboston.gov. September,09,2015 accessed February,6,2017 http://www.cityofboston.gov/news/default.aspx?id=20321 [1]race, age, genders [2]better few as of someone who doesnt know anything about boston [3]ages 13-18 [4]explain how after school has a huge impact in women . how it gives women the opportunity to work instead of be a house wifey and take care of the kids [5]duration 1 paragraph

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

Wordsworth’s Sonnets and Technology Essay example -- Wordsworth

Wordsworth’s Sonnets and Technology In William Wordsworth’s sonnets "The World Is Too Much With Us" and "London 1802," he describes his society as being too dependent on technology. In Wordsworth’s time, the 1800’s, new phases of technology, such as electricity to run machines, were booming and people were relying more on them. With these new innovations, Wordsworth was convinced that people would stop appreciating nature while allowing technology to run their lives. In "London 1802," Wordsworth describes how people are becoming more dependent on technology and how they have left behind their ancestors' heritage: "England have forfeited their ancient English dower"(5). The "dower" refers to our inheritance from nature that Wordsworth describes as being "forfeited" or cast aside. In our society we hardly even appreciate nature compared to the society Wordsworth lived in. We depend on everyday technology to better ourselves, such as television that keeps us indoors and away from the natural world. Another problem Wordsworth mentions in his society that is releva...